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Law and Interpretation

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Business Laws

Indian Regulatory Framework • Nature of Contracts • Consideration • Other Essential Elements of a Contract • Performance of Contract • Breach of Contract and its Remedies • Contingent and Quasi Contracts • Contract of Indemnity and Guarantee • Bailment and Pledge • Agency • Formation of the Contract of Sale • Conditions & Warranties • Transfer of Ownership and Delivery of Goods • Unpaid Seller • General Nature of Partnership • Relations of Partners • Registration and Dissolution of a Firm • The Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008 • The Companies Act, 2013 • The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881

Corporate Laws

Preliminary • Incorporation of Company and Matters Incidental Thereto • Prospectus and Allotment of Securities • Share Capital and Debentures • Acceptance of Deposits by Companies • Registration of Charges • Management & Administration • Declaration and Payment of Dividend • Accounts of Companies • Audit and Auditors • Companies Incorporated Outside India • Limited Liability Partnership Act 2008 • General Clauses Act 1897 • Interpretation of Statutes • Foreign Exchange Management Act 1999

Interpreting Taxing Statutes

ITS 6 Approaches of interpretation

ITS 6.1 Purpose and Mischief

ITS 6.2 Evasion and Absurdity

ITS 6.3 Updating and Rectifying construction

ITS 7 Presumptions in Interpretation

ITS 7.1 Presumption against Retrospective Operation

ITS 7.2 Presumption against Ouster of Jurisdiction

ITS 7.3 Presumption against Alteration of Common Law

ITS 7.4 Mandatory and Directory Provisions

ITS 8 Internal aids

ITS 8.1 Significance of different components of an Act

ITS 8.2 Significance of different provisions and drafting devices

ITS 8.3 Statutory definitions

ITS 8.4 Linguistic canons of construction

ITS 8.5 Associated words

ITS 9 External aids

ITS 9.1 Materials other than the statute

ITS 9.2 Earlier law

ITS 9.3 Legislative history

ITS 9.4 Other external materials

Constitution of India

COI 1 Governance and Fundamental Rights

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COI 2 Public Expenditure for Good Governance

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COI 3 Public Revenue for Public Expenditure

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COI 4 External Resources and Deficit Financing

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COI 5 Budget and Funds

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Reference

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